GenomicsPopulus trichocarpa was the first forest tree to have a completely sequenced genome. The genome sequence reveals more than 45,000 genes, and evidence of a recent genome duplication event (some 60 million years ago). Interestingly, the analysis of the genome also suggests that the “molecular clock,” or rate of gene evolution, is significantly slower (by about 6-fold) in Populus than in the annual Arabidopsis. This difference is likely due to the perennial growth habit and to the ability of Populus to propagate asexually. These characteristics allow an individual to contribute gametes to a population over many decades.
The genome sequence has facilitated the extension of powerful genomic tools to Populus, allowing new insights in the basic biology of these forest trees. Major projects are underway to understand the growth and development of Populus, including the evolution and population dynamics of poplar. In addition, genomics is being used in Populus towards understanding the genetic regulation of wood formation in support of eventual biofuels applications.
